By: Leela Mutyala
Beta Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder that causes fatigue, increased heart rate, delayed growth, and in some cases, organ failure. It is caused by a variety of mutations in a protein subunit of hemoglobin called beta-globin, which is encoded by the beta-globin gene. As of now, it can only be treated through blood transfusions, blood marrow transplants, and surgeries. It affects about 1.5% of the global population and is extremely detrimental to one’s health.
Now, what if I told you that there could be another potential way to treat beta thalassemia? CRISPR-Cas9 is a gene editing tool used to cut DNA in a targeted manner by delivering genome editing ribonucleoprotein into the cell’s nucleus via electroporation. Electroporation is the process of introducing DNA into cells using a pulse of electricity to briefly open the pores in the cell membranes. With this tool, the beta-globin mutation could be corrected through CRISPRs precise gene editing techniques.
Though CRISPR technology is still quite young, and in the process of testing, it is a promising look towards the future of beta-thalassemia. It’s very effective while also minimizing severe side effects. It’s both safe and efficient, making it a healthy alternative to existing treatments for beta thalassemia.
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